, field-marshal in the king of Prussia’s service, was born in 1696,
, field-marshal in the king of Prussia’s
service, was born in 1696, and was the younger son of
William Keith, earl marshal of Scotland. He had his
grammar-learning under Thomas Ruddiman, author of the
“Rudiments;
” his academical, under bishop Keith and
William IMeston, in the college of Aberdeen. He was designed by his friends for the profession of the law; but the
bent of his genius inclined him to arms, with which they
wisely complied. His first military services were employed
while a youth of eighteen, in the rebellion of 1715. In
this unhappy contest, through the instigation of the
counless his mother, who was a Roman catholic, he joined the
Pretender’s party, and was at the battle of Sheriffmuir, in
which he was wounded, yet able to make his escape to
France. Here he applied to those branches of education,
which are necessary to accomplish a soldier. He studied
mathematics under M. de Maupertuis; and made such
proficiency, that he was, by his recommendation, admitted
a fellow of the royal academy of sciences at Paris. He
afterwards travelled through Italy, Switzerland, and Portugal; with uncommon curiosity examined the several productions in architecture, painting, and sculpture; and surveyed the different fields where famous battles had been
fought. In 1717, he had an opportunity of forming an acquaintance with Peter, czar of Muscovy, at Paris, who invited him to enter into the Russian service. This offer he
declined, because the emperor was at that time at war
with the king of Sweden, whose character Keith held in
great veneration. He then left Paris, and went to Madrid;
where, by the interest of the duke of Lyria, he obtained a
commission in the Irish brigades, then commanded by the
duke of Ormond. He afterwards accompanied the duke of
Lyria, when he was sent ambassador extraordinary to Russia, and was recommended by him to the service of the
czarina, who promoted him to the rank of lieutenant-general, and invested him with the order of the black eagle.