, one of the most celebrated historians and poets of his nation in the seventeenth
century, was born March 18, 1590, at Sonto near Caravilla in Portugal, of a noble family, both by his father’s
and mother’s side. His father’s name was Arnador Perez
d'Eiro, and his mother’s Louisa Faria, but authors are not
agreed in their conjectures why he did not take his father’s
name, but preferred Faria, that of his mother, and Sousa,
which is thought to have been his grandmother’s name.
In his infancy he was very infirm, yet made considerable
progress, even when a puny child, in writing, drawing, and
painting. At the age of ten, his father sent him to school
to learn Latin, in which his proficiency by no means answered his expectations, owing to the boy’s giving the preference to the Portuguese and Spanish poets. These he
read incessantly, and composed several pieces in verse and
prose in both languages, but he had afterwards the good
sense to destroy his premature effusions, as well as to perceive that the Greek and Roman classics are the foundation
of a true style, and accordingly he endeavoured to repair
his error by a careful study of them. In 1604, when only
in his fourteenth year, he was received in the Tank of gentleman into the household of don Gonzalez de Moraes,
bishop of Porto, who was his relation, and afterwards made
him his secretary; and during his residence with this prelate, which lasted ten years, he applied himself indefatigably to his studies, and composed some works, the best
of which was an abridgment of the historians of Portugal,
“Epitome de las historias Portuguesas, desde il diluyio
hasta el anno 1628,
” Madrid, 1628, 4to. In this he has
been thought to give rather too much scope to his imagination, and to write more like an orator than a historian.
In 1612 he fell in love with a lady of Porto, whom he calls
Albania, and who was the subject of some of his poems;
but it is doubtful whether this was the lady he married
in 1614, some time after he left the bishop’s house, on account of his urging him to go into the church, for which he
had no inclination. -He remained at Porto until 1618,
when he paid his father a visit at Pombeiro. The year
following he went to Madrid, and into the service of Peter
Alvarez Pereira, secretary of state, and counsellor to
Philip the III. and IV. but Pereira did not live long enough
to give him any other proof of his regard than by procuring
to be made a knight of the order of Christ in Portugal.
In 1628 he returned to Lisbon with his family, but quitted
Portugal in 1631, owing to his views of promotion being
disappointed. Returning to Madrid, he was chosen secretary to the marquis de Castel Rodrigo, who was about
to set out for Rome as ambassador at the papal court. At
Rome Faria was received with great respect, and his merit
acknowledged; but having an eager passion for study, he
visited very few. The pope, Urban VIII. received him
very graciously, and conversed familiarly with him on the
subject of poetry. One of his courtiers requested Faria to
write a poem on the coronation of that pontiff, which we
find in the second volume of his poems. In 1634, having
some reason to be dissatisfied with his master, the ambassador, he quitted his service, and went to Genoa with a
view to return to Spain. The ambassador, piqued at his
departure, which probably was not very ceremonious, wrote
a partial account of it to the king of Spain, who caused
Faria to be arrested at Barcelona. So strict was his confinement, that for more than three months no person had
access to him; until Jerome de Villa Nova, the prothonotary of Arragon, inquired into the affair, and made his
innocence known to the king. This, however, had no
other effect than to procure an order that he should be a
prisoner at large in Madrid; although the king at the same
time assured him that he was persuaded of his innocence,
and would allow him sixty ducats per month for his subsistence. Faria afterwards renewed his solicitations to be
allowed to remove to Portugal, but in vain; and his confinement in Madrid, with his studious and sedentary life,
brought on, in 1647, a retention of urine, the torture of
which he bore with great patience. It occasioned his death,
however, on June 3, 1640. He appears to have merited
an excellent character, but was too little of a man of
the world to make his way in it. A spirit of independence
probably produced those obstacles which he met with in his
progress; and even his dress and manner, we are told, were
rather those of a philosopher than of a courtier. Besides his History of Portugal, already mentioned, and of
which the best edition was published in 1730, folio, he
Wote, 1. “Noches claras,
” a collection of moral and political discourses, Madrid, 1623 and 1626, 2 vols. 12mo. 2.
“Fuente de Aganipr, o Rimes varias,
” a collection of his
poems, in 7 vols. Madrid, 1644, &c. 3. “Commentarios
sobra las Lusiadas de Luis de Camoens,
” an immense
commentary on the Lusiad, ibid. 1639, in 2 vols. folio. He is
said to have began it in 1614, and to have bestowed twentyfive years upon it. Some sentiments expressed here had
alarmed the Inquisition, and the work was prohibited. He
was permitted, however, to defend it, which he did in, 4.
* Defensa o Information por'los Commentaries, &c.“Madrid, 1640 or 1645, folio. 5.
” Imperio de la China, &e.“and an account of the propagation of religion by the Jeuits, written by Semedo: Faria was only editor of this
work, Madrid, 1643, 4to. 6.
” Nobiliario del Concle D.
Petro de Barcelos,“&c. a translation from the Portuguese,
with notes, ibid. 1646, folio. 7.
” A Life of Don Martin
Bapt. de Lanuza,“grand justiciary of Arragon,
” ibid. 1650,
4to. 8. “Asia Portuguesa,
” Lisbon, 1666, &c. 3 vols.
folio. 9. “Europa Portuguesa,
” ibid. 1678, 2 vols. folio.
10. “Africa Portuguesa,
” ibid. 1681, folio. Of this we
have an English Edition by John Stevens, Lond. 1695, 3
vols. 8vo. 11. “America Portuguesa.
” All these" historical and geographical works have been considered as correct and valuable. Faria appears to have published some
other pieces of less importance, noticed by Antonio.