, son of the preceding, was born either in 1606 or 1607. As his father was warmly attached
, son of the preceding, was born either
in 1606 or 1607. As his father was warmly attached to
puritanical principles, he was sent abroad for education;
in the course of which he was put under the tuition of the
celebrated Erpenius, professor of Arabic in the university
of Leyden, and by the help of strong natural parts, united
with a vigorous application, he in a short time made a
surprising progress in philological and oriental literature.
When he was about twenty-two years of age he returned
to England, and was recommended by Mr. William Bedwell, a noted orientalist of that time, to William earl of
Pembroke, chancellor of Oxford, as an extraordinary
young man, who deserved particular encouragement. Accordingly, that generous nobleman immediately wrote to
the university letters in his behalf, requesting that he might
be created bachelor of arts to which degree he was admitted in Jan. 1628-9. In the earl’s recommendation, Jacob
was described as having profited in oriental learning above
the ordinary measures of his age. Soon after he obtained
the patronage of John Selden, Henry Briggs, and Peter
Turner, and, by their endeavours, was elected probationer
fellow of Mertonr college in 1630. Not, however, being
sufficiently skilled in logic and philosophy to carry him
through the severe exercises of that society, the warden
and fellows tacitly assigned him the situation of philological
lecturer. He was then, for a while, diverted from his
studies by attending to some law-suits concerning his patrimony, at the conclusion of which he fell into a Dangerous
sickness, and, by the sudden loss of his patron, the earl of
Pembroke, his life was in danger. Bishop Laud, that great
encourager of literature, having succeeded the earl in the
chancellorship of Oxford, a way was found out, from Merton college statutes, to make Mr. Jacob Socius Grammaticus, that is, Reader of Philology to the Juniors, a place
which had been disused for about a hundred years. Being
now completely settled in his fellowship, he occasionally
resided with Mr. Selden, and assisted him as an amanuensis
in one of the works which he was publishing, and which,
we apprehend, must have been the “Mare clausum.
”
Selden, in acknowledging his obligations, styles him,
“doctissimus Henricus Jacobus.
” It is even understood,
that Jacob added several things to the book, which Mr.
Seldeir, finding them to be very excellent, permitted to
stand. Nay, it is said, that Jacob improved Selden in
the Hebrew language. In 1636, Mr. Jacob was created
master of arts, and in June 1641, he was elected superior
beadle of divinity. At the beginning of the November of
the following year, he was admitted to the degree of bachelor of ptiysic: “but his head,
” says Anthony Wood,
“being always over-busy about critical notions (whicbr made him sometimes a little better than crazed), he
neglected his duty so much, that he was suspended once,
if not twice, from his place, and had his beadle’s staff
taken from him.
” In consequence of the rebellion, and
his attachment to archbishop Laud, he soon became exposed to other calamities. Sir Nathaniel Brent, the republican warden of Merton college, silenced Mr Jacob as
philological lecturer; and at length he was totally deprived
of his fellowship by the parliamentary visitors. Being now
destitute of a sufficient maintenance, he retired to London, where Mr. Selden assisted him, gave him his clothes,
and, among the rest, an old scarlet cloak, the wearing of
which rendered poor Jacob an object of mirth to some of
his acquaintance, who, when they saw it upon his back,
used to call him “Young Selden.
” “But being,
” says
Wood, “a shiftless person, as most mere scholars are,
and the benefactions of friends not sufficing him,
” he sold
a small patrimony which he had at Godmersham in Kent,
to supply his necessities, and died before the money was
spent. He had brought on a bad habit of body by his
close application to his studies. In September 1652, he
retired to the city of Canterbury, where he was kindly
entertained by Dr. William Jacob, a noted physician of
that place; but who, though of the same name, was not
related to our author. By this gentleman he was cured of
a gangrene in his foot; but this being followed by a
tumour and abscess in one of his legs, the discharge
proved too violent for his constitution, and he died Nov. 5,
1652. The next day Dr. Jacob buried him in a manner
answerable to his quality, in the parish-church of All
Saints in Canterbury. Anthony Wood says, that Mr.
Jacob died about the year of his age forty-Spur. But
if the circumstances of his history be carefully compared
together, it will be found that he was probably not less than
forty-six years old at the time of his decease. As to his
character, it appears that he was an innocent, harmless,
careless man, who was entirely devoted to the pursuits of
literature, and totally ignorant of the world.