Henry Hammond

son of Dr. John Hammond Physitian to Prince Henry, was born at Chersey in Surrey on the 26 of Aug. 1605, educated in Grammar Learning in Eaton School near to Windsore, where he was much advantaged in the Greek Tongue by Mr. Tho. Allen Fellow of that College. In the year 1622, Jul. 30, he was made Demie of Magd. Coll. and the same year was admitted Bach. of Arts. In 1625 he proceeded in that faculty, and on the 26 of July the same year he was elected Fellow of that house, being then Philosophy Reader, and a singular ornament thereunto. In 1633 he had the Rectory of Penhurst in Kent confer’d on him by the Earl of Leicester, who a little before had been deeply affected with a Sermon that he had delivered at Court, and in the latter end of the same year he was admitted to the reading of the Sentences. In 1638 he was licensed to proceed in the faculty of Divinity, and in 1640 he was made a member of the Convocation of the Clergy, called with the short Parliament that began the 13 of April the same year. In 1643 he had the Archdeaconry of Chichester confer’d upon him by Dr. Duppa Bishop thereof, and the same year he was nominated one of the Ass. of Divines, but sate not. About which time being forced to leave his Rectory by the Presbyterians, he retired to Oxon for shelter, and the year following was entertained by the Duke of Richmond and Earl of Southampton, to go, as their Chaplain, with them to London to treat with the Parliament for a composure of the unhappy differences in Church and State: so that behaving himself with great zeal and prudence, was also the same year appointed to attend the Kings Commissioners at Uxbridge for peace, where it being his lot to dispute with Rich. Vines a Presbyterian Minister that attended the Commissioners appointed by Parliament, he did with ease and perfect clearness disperse all the Sophisms that had been brought by him, or others, against him. In the beginning of 1645, he was, upon the death of Dr. VVill. Strode, made one of the Canons of Ch. Ch. in Oxon, and Chaplain in ord. to his Majesty then there; by vertue of which place, (I mean the Canonry) he became Orator of the University, but had seldom an opportunity to shew his parts that way. In 1647 he attended the King in his restraint at VVoobourne, Caversham, Hampton Court, and the Isle of VVight, but he being sequestred from the office of Chaplain to him about Christmas the same year, he retired to his Canonry in Oxon, and being elected Sub dean of his house continued there till the Visitors appointed by Parliament first thrust him out without any regard had to his great Learning and Religion, and then imprison’d him for several weeks in a private house in Oxon. Afterwards he was confin’d to the house of Sir Philip Warwick at Clapham in Bedfordshire, where continuing several months, was at length released. Whereupon retiring to Westwood in Worcestershire, the seat of the loyal Sir John Packington, (to which place he had received a civil invitation) remained there, doing much good, to the day of his death; in which time he had the disposal of great Charities reposed in his hands, as being the most zealous promoter of Alms giving that lived in England, since the change of Religion. Much more may be said of this most worthy person, but his life and death being extant, written by Dr. Jo. Fell his great Admirer, I shall only now say that great were his natural abilities, greater his acquired, and that in the whole circle of Arts he was most accurate. He was also eloquent in the Tongues, exact in antient and modern Writers, was well vers’d in Philosophy, and better in Philology, most learned in school Divinity, and a great Master in Church Antiquity, made up of Fathers, Councils, ecclesiastical Historians and Lyturgicks, as may be at large seen in his most elaborate Works, the Titles of which follow.

A practical Catechism. Oxon 1644. and Lond. 1646. qu. There again in 1652, in two vol. in qu. This Catechism was first of all published upon the importune Request of Dr. Christop. Potter Provost of Queens Coll. to whom he had communicated, yet could never get him to set his name to, it.

Of resisting the lawful Magistrate under colour of Religion. Oxon. 1644. Lond. 1647. qu.

Of Will [•] worship. Oxon. 1644. qu.

Considerations of present use concerning the danger resulting from the change of our Church Government.—Printed 1644 and 46. Lond. 1682. qu.

Of Superstition. Ox. 1645. Lond. 1650. qu.

Of sins of weakness and wilfulness. Oxon. 1645—50. quart.

Explication of two difficult texts Heb. 6. and Heb. 10. Printed with Sins of weakness, &c.

Of a late or death-bed repentance. Ox. 1645. qu.

View of the Directorie and vindication of the Liturgie. Ox. 1645. 46. &c. qu.

Of Idolatry. Ox. 1646. Lond. 1650. qu. The Reader [•] s now to understand that after the Lord Falklands book called A discourse of the infallibility of the Church of Rome, was published, came out a book written by a Rom. Cath. intit. A Treatise apologetical touching the infallibility of the Church Catholick, &c. printed 1645. Whereupon our Author Dr. Hammond wrot and published,

A view of the Exceptions which have been made by a Romanist to the Lord Viscount Falklands Discourse of the infallibility of the Ch. of Rome. Oxon. 1646. quart.

The power of the keys: or of binding and loosing. Lond. 1647. 51. qu.

Of the word KRIMA.

Of fraternal admonition and correption. Lond. 1647. 50. qu.

Copie of some papers past at Oxon between Dr. Hammond the Author of the Practical Catechism and Mr. Franc. Cheynell. Lond. 1647 and 50 in qu.

View of some Exceptions to the Practical Catechisme from the Censures affixt on them by the Ministers of London in a book intit. A testimony to the truth of Jesus Christ, &c. Lond. 1648. qu.

Vindication of three Passages in the Pract. Catechism. Lond. 1648. qu.

Humble Address to the Lord Fairfax and Council of War 15 Jan. 1648 to prevent the Kings murder. Lond. 1649. qu. Answer’d soon after by one who call’d himself Eutactus Philodemius.

Vindication of the Address, &c. Lond. 1650. qu.

An Appendix or Answer to what was returned by the Apologist. Lond. 1650. qu. This Apologist was the R. Cath. before mention’d, Author of A treatise apologetical, &c.

Of the reasonableness of Christian Religion. Lond. 1650. in tw.

Dissertationes quatuor, quibus Episcopatus jura ex S. Scripturis & primaeva antiquitate adstruuntur, contra sententiam D. Blondelli, &c. Lond. 1651. qu. Before which book is printed and set this following.

Dissertatio de Antichristo, de mysterio iniquitatis, de diotrophe & de Gnosticis sub Apostolorum aevo se prodentibus.

The Christians obligation to peace and Charity; delivered in an Advent sermon at Carisbrook Castle, an. 1647. and now published with nine sermons more. Lond. 1652. qu. 2 edit.

Paraphrase and Annotations upon all the books of the New Testament. Lond. 1653. and 59. fol.

Letter of resolution to six Queries of present use to the Church of England. Lond. 1653. oct. The first Query is Of resolving controversie.

Review of the Paraphrase and Annotations on the N. Test. with some additions and alterations, &c.—printed in oct.

Of Schism: or, a defence of the Church of England against the exceptions of the Romanists. Lond. 1653. 54. in tw. Answer’d in a book intit. Schisme disarm’d, &c. to which is an Appendix in answer to Dr. John Bramhalls Just vindication of the Church of England. printed 1653 in a little oct. Both which were written by Jo. Sergeant alias Smith, born at Barrow in Lincolnshire, admitted a Student in S. Johns Coll. at Cambridge 1637, aged 16 years, but before he took the degree of Bach. of Arts he was chosen by the Master Dr. W. Beale and some of the Seniors of that Society to be Secretary to Dr. Th. Morton Bishop of Durham, who had sent to them to make choice of a fit person for him out of that College, to which he was a great Patron and Benefactor. After he had continued there in good esteem about a year, he fell into some difficulties about Religion, and thereupon quitting that employment, being then Bach. of Arts, he went to the English Coll. of Seculars at Lisbon in Portugal an. 1642, where he resumed and perfected his Studies, and was afterwards Prefect of Studies in the said College. In the year 1652 he returned into England, where he was elected Secretary of the secular Clergy, and put upon writing Controversie; the titles of which I shall elsewhere mention as they lye in my way.

Reply to a Catholick Gentlemans answer to the most material parts of the Book of Schisme. Lond. 1654. 55. qu.

Account of H.T. his appendix to his manual of controversies concerning the Abbot of Bangors answer to Augustine—printed with the Reply.

Vindication of the dissertations concerning Episcopacy, from the exceptions of the London Ministers in their Jus Divinum Ministerii Evangelici. Lond. 1654. qu.

Of Fundamentals in a notion referring to practice. Lond. 1654. and 58. in tw.

Account of Mr. Dan. Cawdrey’s Triplex Diatribe, concerning Superstition, Will-worship, and Christmas Festival. Lond. 1654. 55. qu. This Account was answer’d by the said Cawdrey Minister of Billing magna in Northamptonshire, in a book intit. The Account audited and discounted, &c. Lond. 1658.

The baptizing of Infants reviewed and defended from the Exceptions of Mr. Tombes, in his three last Chapters of his book intit. Antipaedobaptism. Lond. 1655. qu.

Defence of the learned Hugo Grotius, &c. Lond. 1655. qu.

Second defence of Hug. Grotius: or, a Vindication of the degression concerning him. Lond. 1655. qu.

Answer to the Animadversions of the dissertations concerning Ignatius Epistles, and the Episcopacy in them asserted.—Printed in qu.

The disarmers dexterity examined; in a second defence of the Treatise of Schism. Lond. 1656. qu. Soon after Jo. Sergeant came out with Schism dispatch’d, &c. with an Appendix. Lond. 1656. in a large oct. being a Reply or Rejoynder not only to Dr. Hammond but to Dr. Bramhall.

The degrees of ardency in Christs Prayer, reconciled with his fulness of habitual grace, in reply to the Author of a book intit. A mixture of scholastical Divinity, &c. by Hen. Jeanes. Lond. 1656. qu.

Parenaesis, &c A discourse of Heresie in defence of our Church against the Romanist. Lond. 1656. oct.

Continuation of the defence of H. Grotius, in an answer to the review of his Annotations. Lond. 1657. qu. To which is added a Postscript.

Reply to some passages of the Reviewer in his late book of Schisme concerning his charge of Corruptions in the primitive Church and some other particulars—Printed with the Continuation of the defence, &c.

The grounds of Uniformity, from 1 Cor. 14.40. vindicated from Mr. Hen. Jeanes’s Exceptions in one passage in the View of the Directory. Lond. 1657. qu.

Paraphrase and Annotations on the book of Psalmes. Lond. 1659. fol. These Annotations were remitted by Mathew Poole into the second vol, of Synopsis Criticorum.—Lond. 1671. fol. with this character—doctissimus Hammondus, in quibus multa reperiet lector acumine plusquam vulgari, parique eruditione conscripta, nonnulla etiam singularia. The said Poole also selected much out of his Annotations on the whole New Test.

The Dispatcher dispatched: or, an Examination of the Romanists rejoynder to Dr. Hammonds Replyes, wherein is inserted a view of their profession, and oral tradition, in the way of Mr. White. Lond. 1659. qu. By this Mr. White is meant Thom. de Albiis.

Brief account of a suggestion against The Dispatcher dispatched. Lond. 1660. qu.

Two Prayers. Lond. 1660. oct.

The dayly practice of Piety: Also Devotions and Prayers in time of Captivity. Lond. 1660. oct.

Spiritual sacrifice: or, Devotions and Prayers, fitted to the main uses, &c.—This I have not yet seen, and therefore I do not know how it differs from the former.

His last words—Printed in a loose sheet.

Solemn Petition and Advice to the Convocation, with his directions to the Laity how to prolong their happiness. Cambr. 1661. oct. Published by Thom. Smyth of Ch. Coll. in Cambr. Author of The rise and growth of Quakerism.

De confirmatione sive benedictione, post baptismum, solenni, per impositionem manuum Episcopi celebrata, commentarius ex sententia ecclesiae Anglicanae. Lond. 1661. oct.

Several sermons. Lond. 1664. fol. They are in number 31, and some of them were before published.

Of Hell-torments. Ox. 1664 in tw. Or An assertion of the existence and duration of Hell torments, &c. Oxon. 1665. oct.

An accordance of S. Paul with S. James in the great point of Faith and Works. Oxon. 1665. oct.

Answer to Mr. Rich. Smiths Letter concerning the sense of that Article in the Creed, He descended into Hell: dated 29 Apr. 1659.—Lond. 1684. oct. The said R. Smiths letter was dated from Little More-fields near Lond. in the said month 1659. This R. Smith being a curious person in matters of that nature, did make A Collection of several Expositions and Opinions of Christs descent into Hell, and had several Conferences with the learned Selden upon that Argument, which he left in writing behind him, as I shall elsewhere tell you.

Paraphrase and Annotations upon the ten first Chapters of the Proverbs. Lond. 1683. fol.—All, or most of which books here set down, were by the care of Will. Fulman of C. C. Coll. published in four volumes in fol. at Lond. 1684. and at the latter end of the fourth Vol. was put an Appendix to the second vol. At length after this most famous and celebrated Author had spent his life in great retiredness, lucubration and devotion, he surrendred up his most pious soul to God, in the house of Sir John Packington before mention’d, on the 25 day of April in sixteen hundred and sixty, aged 55 years:1660. whereupon his body was on the morrow in the evening, buried in the Chancel of Hampton Church near to Westwood before mention’d, with the whole office and usual rites of the Church of England, not at that time restored or practised by publick command. Over his grave was soon after a comely Monument erected, with an inscription thereon, composed by Dr. Humph. Henchman, afterwards B. of London, a copy of which you may see in Hist. & Antiq. Univ. Oxon. lib. 2. p. 203. a. But a larger than that was made by the affectionate pen of Mr. Tho. Pierce, afterwards President of Magd. Coll. in Oxon, a copy of which you may see in the beginning of the first vol. of Dr. Hammonds works published by W. Fulman before mentioned. The Reader is to know that one Hen. Hammond wrote a book intit. Ouragraphy, or Speculations on the excrements of Urine, &c. Lond. 1655. oct. &c. But this Hen. Hammond who seems to have been a Physician, is not to be understood to be the same with our most celebrated Author before mention’d, who was brother to Tho. Hammond sometimes a Colonel, and afterwards a Lieutenant General in the Army, that the Long Parliament raised against K. Ch. 1. and afterwards one of the Judges of that blessed Prince, but died before the Restauration of K. Ch. 2. and so escaped the halter, or at least perpetual imprisonment and confiscation of estate. The said Dr. Hen. Hammond was also Uncle to Robert Hammond a Colonel of Foot in the said Army, made Governour of the Isle of Wight in the beginning of Sept. 1647, and about the 14 of Nov. following his Majesty put his person in trust under the protection of him in the said Isle, after he was frighted away from Hampton Court. In the middle of July 1648 his Majesty declared to divers of his party about him, that the said Colonel was a man of honour, and had carried himself civilly and respectively to him. Afterwards it was believed that he forfeited the Kings good opinion of him, by that uncomely act of looking into his Majesties scrutore of letters, with a design to discover something, but did not. At that time his Majesties servants Mr. Ja. Harrington and Mr. Th. Herbert were in the Bowling [•] green at Carisbrook, waiting upon the King, who finding the weather somewhat cold, bid Herbert go for his Cloak: Herbert therefore entring the Bed-chamber, found Hammond the Governour ready to come forth with an Officer in his company, and Mr. Humph. Rogers who waited as Page at the Back-stairs, and, by insinuation, had let the said Governour come in. Herbert being informed of their designs, was afraid to reprove the Governour, but as he return’d to the Green with his Maj. Cloak, he gave the Page a sharp rebuke: with which the Governour being acquainted, threatned Herbert with a dismiss for censuring that act of his, and had doubtless expel’d him the Castle, if his Maj. out of his goodness had not past it by without reproaching the Governour, or taking notice thereof; as I have been informed by letters from the said Tho. Herbert, created a Baronet after the Restauration of K. Ch. 2.