Scholasticism, the name given to the philosophy that prevailed in Europe during the Middle Ages, particularly in the second half of them, and has been generally characterised as an attempt at conciliation between dogma and thought, between faith and reason, an attempt to form a scientific system on that basis, founded on the pre-supposition that the creed of the Church was absolutely true, and capable of rationalisation.
Definition taken from The Nuttall Encyclopædia, edited by the Reverend James Wood (1907)
Schnitzer, Eduard * Scholiasts