Jerusalem

Jerusalem, the capital of Palestine, holy city of the Jews, belonged originally to the Jebusites, but was captured by David and made his capital; a strong place, built on four hills 2000 ft. above the Mediterranean, enclosed within walls and protected nearly all round by deep valleys and rising grounds beyond; it has been so often besieged, overthrown, and rebuilt that the present city stands on rubbish heaps, the ruins of ancient structures.

Population (circa 1900) given as 41,000.

Definition taken from The Nuttall Encyclopædia, edited by the Reverend James Wood (1907)