Churchyard, Thomas
, a voluminous poet of the
sixteenth century, w,as born in Shrewsbury about the year
1520. Wood, who has given a long account of him, says
he was of a genteel family, and well educated; and that at
the age of seventeen, his father gave him a sum of money,
and sent him to court, where he lived in gaiety while his
finances lasted. He does not seem, however, to have
gained any thing by his attendance at court, except his
introduction to the celebrated earl of Surrey, with whom
he lived some time as domestic, and by whose encouragement he produced some of his poems. He certainly had
no public employment either now or in queen Elizabeth’s
| reign, although some have denominated him poet laureat,
merely, as Mr. Malone thinks, “because he had addressed
many of the noblemen of Elizabeth’s court for near forty
years, and is called by one of his contemporaries, the old
court poet.” He appears, however, to have continued with
the earl of Surrey, until this virtuous and amiable nobleman was sacrificed to the tyrannical caprice of Henry VIII.
Churchyard now became a soldier, and made several campaigns on the continent, in Ireland, and in Scotland.
Tanner is inclined to think that he served the emperor in
Flanders against the French in the reign of Henry VIII.;
but the differences of dates between his biographers are
not now so reconcileable as to enable us to decide upon this
part of his history. Wood next informs us that he spent
some time at Oxford, and was afterwards patronized by the
earl of Leicester. He then became enamoured of a rich
widow; but his passion not meeting with success, he once
more returned to the profession of arms, engaged in foreign
service, in which he suffered great hardships, and met with
many adventures of the romantic kind; and in the course
of them appears to have been always a favourite among the
ladies. At one time, in Flanders, he was taken prisoner,
but escaped by the “endeavours of a lady of considerable
quality;” and at another time, when condemned to death as
a spy, he was reprieved and sent away by the “endeavours
of a noble dame.” On his return he published a great
variety of poems on all subjects; but there is reason to
think that by these he gained more applause than profit, as
it is very certain that he lived and died poor. The time of
his death, until lately was not ascertained; Winstanley and
Cibber place that event in 1570, Fuller in 1602, and Oldys
in 1604, which last is correct. Mr. George Chalmers, in.
his “Apology for the believers in the Shakspeare Mss.”
gives us an extract from the parish register, proving that
he was buried April 4, of that year, in St. Margaret’s
church, Westminster, near the grave of Skelton. Mr.
D’Israeli, who has introduced him in his “Calamities of
Authors,” very aptly characterises him as “one of those
unfortunate men, who have written poetry all their days,
and lived a long life, to complete the misfortune.” His
works are minutely enumerated by Ritson in his “Bibliographia Poetica,” and some well- selected specimens have
lately appeared in the Censura Literaria. The best of his
poems, in point of genius, is his “Legende of Jane Shore,”
| and the most popular, his “Worthiness of Wales,” 1580,
8vo, of which an edition was published in 1776. It may
be added, as it has escaped his biographers, that he is mentioned by Strype, in his life of Grind*!, as “an excellent
soldier, and a man of honest principles,” who in 1569 gave
the secretary of state notice of an intended rising at Bath
(where Churchyard then was) among the Roman catholics. 1
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Works found by this author (or others with similar names) in the Early English Books Online Collection:
A myrrour for man where in he shall see the myserable state of thys worlde (1552) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A playn and fynall confutacion: Of cammells corlyke oblatracion (1552) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Dauy Dycars dreame quod. T. Churcharde. (1552) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The contention betwyxte Churchyeard and Camell, vpon Dauid Dycers dreame sette out in suche order, that it is bothe wyttye and profytable for all degryes. Rede this littell comunication betwene Churchyarde: Camell: and others mo newlye imprinted and sett furthe for thy profyt gentill reader. (1560) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Churchyardes lamentacion of freyndshyp (1566) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Churchyardes farewell (1566) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A farewell cauld, Churcheyeards, rounde From the courte to the cuntry grownd. (1566) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A greatter thanks, for Churchyardes welcome home (1566) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The epitaphe of the honorable Earle of Penbroke, Baron of Cardiffe, and knight of the most noble order of the garter Who dyed Lord stueward of the Quéenes maiesties houshold, and of her priuie counsell. (1570) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Come bring in Maye with me my Maye is fresh and greene: (a subiectes harte, an humble mind) to serue a mayden Queene. A discourse of rebellion, drawne forth for to warne the wanton wittes how to kepe their heads on their shoulders. (1570) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The firste parte of Churchyardes chippes contayning twelue seuerall labours. Deuised and published, only by Thomas Churchyard Gentilman. (1575) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A discourse of the Queenes Maiesties entertainement in Suffolk and Norffolk with a description of many things then presently seene. Deuised by Thomas Churchyarde, Gent. with diuers shewes of his own inuention sette out at Norwich: and some rehearsal of hir Highnesse retourne from progresse. Wherevnto is adioyned a commendation of Sir Humfrey Gilberts ventrous iourney. (1578) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A lamentable, and pitifull description, of the wofull warres in Flaunders, since the foure last yeares of the Emperor Charles the fifth his raigne With a briefe rehearsall of many things done since that season, vntill this present yeare, and death of Don Iohn. Written by Thomas Churchyarde Gentleman. (1578) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A prayse, and reporte of Maister Martyne Forboishers voyage to Meta Incognita. (A name giuen by a mightie and most great personage) in which praise and reporte is written diuers discourses neuer published by any man as yet. Now spoken of by Thomas Churchyarde Gentleman, and dedicated to the right honorable M. Secretarie Wilson, one of the Queenes Maiesties most honorable Priuie Counsell. (1578) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The miserie of Flaunders, calamitie of Fraunce, misfortune of Portugall, vnquietnes of Irelande, troubles of Scotlande: and the blessed state of Englande. VVritten by Tho. Churchyarde Gent. 1579 (1579) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A generall rehearsall of warres, called Churchyardes choise wherein is fiue hundred seuerall seruices of land and sea as seiges, battailes, skirmiches, and encounters. A thousande gentle mennes names, of the beste sorte of warriours. A praise and true honour of soldiours. A proofe of perfite nobilitie. A triall and first erection of heraldes. A discourse of calamitie. And ioyned to the same some tragedies & epitaphes, as many as was necessarie for this firste booke. All which workes are dedicated to the hounourable sir Christopher Hatton knight, ... Written by Thomas Churchyard Gent. 1579. (1579) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The moste true reporte of Iames Fitz Morrice death, and others the like offe[n]ders: with a brief discourse of rebellion, dedicated to the ribht [sic] worshipfull my louying freende M. Drewe Drewrie, brother to the honourable sir Willyam Drewrie, lorde Iustice of Irelande. Written by Thomas Churchyard Gent (1579) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A light bondell of liuly discourses called Churchyardes charge presented as a Newe yeres gifte to the right honourable, the Earle of Surrie, in whiche bondell of verses is sutche varietie of matter, and seuerall inuentions, that maie bee as delitefull to the reader, as it was a charge and labour to the writer, sette forthe for a péece of pastime, by Thomas Churchyarde Gent.Churchyardes charge (1580) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A plaine or moste true report of a daungerous seruice stoutely attempted, and manfully brought to passe by English men, Scottes men, Wallons & other worthy soldiours, for the takying of Macklin on the sodaine, a strong citee in Flaunders: sette forthe at large with speciall pointes to bee noted: by Thomas Churchyard gentleman. 1580. (1580) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A warning for the wise, a feare to the fond, a bridle to the lewde, and a glasse to the good Written of the late earthquake chanced in London and other places, the. 6. of April 1580. for the glorie of God, and benefite of men that warely can walke, and wisely can iudge. Set forth in verse and prose, by Thomas Churchyard Gentleman. Seen and allowed. (1580) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A pleasaunte laborinth called Churchyardes chance framed on fancies, vttered with verses, and writte[n] to giue solace to euery well disposed mynde: wherein notwithstanding are many heauie epitaphes, sad and sorowfull discourses and sutche a multitude of other honest pastymes for the season (and passages of witte) that the reader therein maie thinke his tyme well bestowed. All whiche workes for the pleasure of the worlde, and recreation of the worthie, are dedicated to the right honourable sir Thomas Bromley knight, lorde Chancelour of Englande.Churchyardes chance (1580) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The three first bookes of Ouid de Tristibus translated into EnglishTristia. Book 1-3. English (1580) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A scourge for rebels wherin are many notable seruices truly set out, and thorowly discoursed of, with euerie particular point touching the troubles of Ireland, as farre as the painfull and dutiful seruice of the Earle of Ormound in sundrie sortes is manifestfestly [sic] knowen. Written by Thomas Churchyard Gentleman. (1584) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The epitaph of Sir Phillip Sidney Knight, lately Lord Gouernour of Floshing (1586) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The vvorthines of VVales vvherein are more then a thousand seuerall things rehearsed: some set out in prose to the pleasure of the reader, and with such varietie of verse for the beautifying of the book, as no doubt shal delight thousands to vnderstand. Which worke is enterlarded with many wonders and right strange matter to consider of: all the which labour and deuice is drawne forth and set out by Thomas Churchyard, to the glorie of God, and honour of his Prince and countrey. (1587) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A sparke of frendship and warme goodwill, that shewest the effect of true affection and vnfoldes the finenesse of this world VVhereunto is ioined, the commoditie of sundrie sciences, the benefit that paper bringeth, with many rare matters rehearsed in the same: with a description & commendation of a paper mill, now and of late set vp (neere the towne of Darthford) by an high Germayn called M. Spilman, Ieweller to the Qu[een's]. most excellent maiestie. Written by Thomas Chvrchyard Gent. (1588) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A reuyuing of the deade by verses that foloweth vvhich makes worthy men knowen, by the examples of King Henry the eight: King Edward the sixt: Sir Walter Mildmay: the last Erle of Warwick: and Sir Christofer Hatton, lately L. Chaunceller of England. VVith a declaration of the names of all the most honourable counsellers, that haue dyed since the beginning of the Queens Maiesties raigne (1591) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A feast full of sad cheere vvhere griefes are all on heape: where sollace is full deere, and sorrowes are good cheape. (1592) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A handeful of gladsome verses, giuen to the Queenes Maiesty at Woodstocke this prograce. 1592. By Thomas Churchyarde (1592) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Churchyards challenge (1593) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A pleasant conceite penned in verse Collourably sette out, and humblie presented on New-yeeres day last, to the Queenes Maiestie at Hampton Courte. Anno. Domini. 1593. (1593) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Giacomo di Grassi his True arte of defence plainlie teaching by infallable demonstrations, apt figures and perfect rules the manner and forme how a man without other teacher or master may safelie handle all sortes of weapons aswell offensiue as defensiue: vvith a treatise of disceit or falsinge: and with a waie or meane by priuate industrie to obtaine strength, iudgement and actiuitie. First written in Italian by the foresaid author, and Englished by I.G. gentleman.Ragione di adoprar sicuramente l'arme. English (1594) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A musicall consort of heauenly harmonie (compounded out of manie parts of musicke) called Churchyards charitieChurchyards charitie (1595) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The honor of the lawe. VVritten by Thomas Churchyard Gent (1596) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A sad and solemne funerall, of the right Honorable sir Francis Knowles knight, treasorer of the Queenes Maiesties houshold, one of hir priuie councell, and knight of the most honorable order of the Garter. VVritten by Thomas Churchyard Esquier (1596) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A pleasant discourse of court and wars with a replication to them both, and a commendation of all those that truly serue prince and countrie. Written by Thomas Churchyard, and called his Cherrishing. (1596) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The fortunate farevvel to the most forward and noble Earle of Essex, one of the honorable priuie counsel, Earle high Marshal of England, Master of the horse, Master of the ordinance, Knight of the garter, & Lord Lieutenant general of all the Queenes Maiesties forces in Ireland Dedicated to the right Honorable the Lord Harry Seamer, second sonne to the last Duke of Sommerset. Written by Thomas Churchyard Esquire. (1599) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
The vvonders of the ayre, the trembling of the earth and the warnings of the world before the Iudgement day. Written by Thomas Churchyard esquire, seruant to the Queens Maiestie. (1602) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
A true discourse historicall, of the succeeding gouernours in the Netherlands, and the ciuill warres there begun in the yeere 1565 with the memorable seruices of our honourable English generals, captaines and souldiers, especially vnder Sir Iohn Norice knight, there performed from the yeere 1577. vntill the yeere 1589. and afterwards in Portugale, France, Britaine and Ireland, vntill the yeere 1598. Translated and collected by T.C. Esquire, and Ric. Ro. out of the reuerend E.M. of Antwerp. his fifteene bookes Historicæ Belgicæ; and other collections added: altogether manifesting all martiall actions meete for euery good subiect to reade, for defence of prince and countrey.Historia Belgica nostri potissimum temporis. English (1602) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Sorrovvfull verses made on [the] death of our most Soueraigne Lady Queen Elizabeth, my gracious mistresse (1604) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.
Churchyards good will Sad and heauy verses, in the nature of an epitaph, for the losse of the Archbishop of Canterbury, lately deceased, Primate and Metropolitane of all England. Written by Thomas Churchyard, Esquire. (1604) by Churchyard, Thomas, 1520?-1604.