Fowler, Edward
, a learned English prelate, was
born in 1632, at Westerleigh, in Gloucestershire; of
which place his father was minister, but ejected for noncon formitjr after the restoration. He was sent to the
College-school in Gloucester, where he was educated
under William Russel, who had married his sister. In the
beginning of 1650 he became clerk of Corpus Christi college, Oxford, and being looked upon, says Wood, “as
a young man well endowed with the spirit, and gifted with
extemporary prayer, he was admitted one of the chaplains
thereof in 1653, and the same year took a bachelor of arts
degree.” Afterwards removing to Cambridge, he took
his master’s degree as a member of Trinity college, and
returning to Oxford, was incorporated in the same degree
July 5, 1656., About the same time he became chaplain
to Arabella, countess dowager of Kent, who presented him
to the rectory of Northill, in Bedfordshire. Having been
educated a presbyterian, he scrupled about conformity at
the restoration, but conformed afterwards, and became a
great ornament to the church. His excellent moral writings
renderedhim so considerable, that archbishop Sheldon,
in order to introduce him into the metropolis, collated him
in August 1673, to the rectory of All-hallows, Breadtreet. In February 1675-6, he was made prebendary of
Gloucester; and in March IbSl, vicar of St. Giles’s, Cripplegate, on which he resigned the living of Allhallows.
The same year, he accumulated the degrees of bachelor
and doctor of divinity. During the struggle between protestantism and popery in this kingdom, he appeared to
great advantage in defence of the former; but this rendered him obnoxious to the court, and in all probability
tvas the secret cause of a prosecution against him, in 1685,
by some uf his parishioners, who alledged that he was
guilty of Whiggism, that he admitted to the communion
excommunicated persons before they were absolved, &c.
We are told this matter was carried so far, that, after a
trial at Doctors’-couimons, he was suspended, under the
| pretence of having acted in several respects contrary to
the canons of the church. This affront, however, did not intimidate him from doing what he thought his duty; for he was
the second, who in 1688, sighed the resolution of the London clergy, not to read king James’s new declaration for
liberty of conscience. He was rewarded for this and other
services at the revolution; for in 1691, he was preferred
to the see of Gloucester, and continued there till his
death, which happened at Chelsea, Aug. 26, 1714, in his
eighty-second year. His widow survived him some years,
dying April 2, 1732. She was his second wife, the widow
of the rev. Dr. Ezekiel Burton, and daughter of Ralph
Trevor, of London, merchant. His first wife, by whom
he had a large family, was daughter of Arthur Barnardiston, one of the masters in chancery. She died Dec. 19,
1696, and was buried, as well as the bishop, in Hendon
church-yard, Middlesex, in the chancel of which church is
a monument to his memory.
He was the author of many excellent works, as, 1. “The
Principles and Practices of certain moderate divines of
the Church of England, abusively called Latitudinarians,
greatly misunderstood, truly represented and defended,”
1670, 8vo. This is written in the way of dialogue. 2.
“The Design of Christianity or, a plain demonstration
and improvement of this proposition, viz. that the enduing
men with inward real righteousness and true holiness, was
the ultimate end of our Saviour’s coming into the world,
and is the great intendment of his blessed Gospel,” 1671,
8vo. John Bunyan, the author of the Pilgrim’s Progress,
having attacked this book, the author vindicated it in a
pamphlet with a very coarse title; 3. “Dirt wiped out;
or, a manifest discovery of the gross ignorance, erroneousness, and most unchristian and wicked spirit of one
John Bunyan, Lay-preacher in Bedford, c.” 1672, 4to. 4.
“Libertas Evangelica; or, a Discourse of Christian Liberty.
Being a further pursuance of The Design of Christianity,”
1630, 8vo. 5. Some pieces against popery; as, “The Resolution of this case of conscience, whether the Church of
England’s symbolizing, so far as it doth with the Church
of Rome, makes it lawful to hold communion with the
Church of Rome?” 1683, 4to. “A Defence of the Resolution, &c.” 1684, 4to. “Examination of Cardinal
Bellarmine’s fourth note of the Church, viz. Amplitude,
or Multitude and Variety of Believers.” “The texts
| which Papists cite out of the Bible, for the proof of their
doctrine concerning the obscurity of the Holy Scriptures,
examined,” 1687, 4to. The two last are printed in “The
Preservative against Popery,” folio. He published, also,
6. Two pieces on the doctrine of the Trinity, “Certain
Propositions, by which the doctrine of the Holy Trinity is
so explained, according to the ancient fathers, as to speak
it not contradictory to natural reason. Together with a
defence of them, &c.” 1694, 4to. “A Second Defence
of the Propositions, &c.” 1695, 4to. 7. Eighteen Occasional Sermons; one of which was on “The great wickedness and mischievous effects of Slandering, preached in
the parish church of St. Giles’s, Nov. 15, 1685, on Psalm
ci. 5, with a large preface of the author, and conclusion
in his own vindication,” 1685, 4to. 8. “An Answer to
the Paper delivered by Mr. Ashton at his execution,” 1690,
4to. 9. “A Discourse on the great disingenuity and unreasonableness of repining at afflicting Providences, and
of the influence which they ought to have upon us, published upon occasion of the death of queen Maw; with a
preface containing some observations touching her excellent endowments and exemplary life,” 1695, 8vo.
In the registers of St. Giles’s, Cripplegate, which Mr.
Malcolm appears to have examined with care, we find no
mention made of any litigious proceedings of the parishioners against Dr. Fowler; but on the contrary, there arc
the following entries, which show how much he was respected by them after the revolution: “Feb. 7, 1700.
Ordered, that in consideration the bishop of Gloucester
has a long time, at his own charge, provided a lecturer in
this parish, and been otherwise kind and bountiful to the
same, that the chancel of this parish church be forthwith
put in good repair at the charge of the parish.” In 1708
he represented to the vestry that he was grown so extremely infirm and old, he could no longer preach in a
morning; and having a large family, with but small profits
from the vicarage, together with having provided a lecturer for twenty-five years past at his own charge, he now
entreated them to elect one themselves, which they did,
with many acknowledgments for his lordship’s fatherly conduct towards them. 1
|
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Works found by this author (or others with similar names) in the Early English Books Online Collection:
The principles and practices of certain moderate divines of the Church of England (greatly mis-understood), truly represented and defended wherein ... some controversies, of no mean importance, are succinctly discussed : in a free discourse between two intimate friends : in three parts. (1670) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
The design of Christianity, or, A plain demonstration and improvement of this proposition viz. that the enduing men with inward real righteousness or true holiness was the ultimate end of our Saviour's coming into the world and is the great intendment of his blessed Gospel / by Edward Fowler ... (1671) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
Dirt wipt off, or, A manifest discovery of the gross ignorance, erroneousness and most unchristian and wicked spirit of one John Bunyan ... which he hath shewed in a vile pamphlet publish'd by him, against The design of Christianity ... (1672) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A friendly conference between a minister and a parishioner of his, inclining to Quakerism wherein the absurd opinions of that sect are detected, and exposed to a just censure / by a lover of truth. (1676) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A vindication of the Friendly conference, between a minister and a parishioner of his inclining unto Quakerism, &c. from the exceptions of Thomas Ellwood, in his pretended answer to the said conference / by the same author. (1678) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
Libertas evangelica, or, A discourse of Christian liberty being a farther pursuance of the argument of the design of Christianity / by Edward Fowler ... (1680) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached before the judges, &c. in the time of the assizes in the Cathedral church at Gloucester on Sunday Aug. 7, 1681 published to put a stop to false and injurious representations / by Edward Fowler. (1681) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
The resolution of this case of conscience whether the Church of England's symbolizing so far as it doth with the Church of Rome, makes it unlawful to hold communion with the Church of England? (1683) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A discourse of offences delivered in two sermons Aug. 19, and Sept. 2, 1683 in the Cathedral church of Gloucester / by Edward Fowler. (1683) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A defence of the Resolution of this case viz. whether the Church of England's symbolizing so far as it doth with the Church of Rome makes it unlawfull to communion with the Church of England : in answer to a book intitiuled A modest examination of that resolution. (1684) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached at the general meeting of Gloucestershire-men, for the most part inhabitants of the City of London in the Church of St. Mary le-Bow, December the 9th, 1684 / by Edward Fowler. (1685) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
The great wickedness, and mischievous effects of slandering, represented in a sermon preached at St. Giles without Cripplegate, on Sunday Nov. 15, 1685 by Edward Fowler, D.D. ; together with a preface and conclusion in his own vindication. (1685) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
The fourth note of the church examined, viz. Amplitude, or multitude and variety of believers (1687) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached before the Right Honourable the Lord Maior of London, and the Court of Aldermen, &c. on Wednesday in Easter week, in the Church of St. Andrew Holborn being one of the anniversary spittal sermons / by Edward Fowler. (1688) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A vindication of the divines of the Church of England who have sworn allegiance to K. William & Q. Mary, from the imputations of apostasy and perjury, which are cast upon them upon that account, in the now publish'd History of passive obedience / by one of those divines. (1689) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached at Bow-Church, April the Xvith. 1690 before the Lord Maior, and Court of Aldermen, and citizens of London, being the fast-day by Edward Fowler. (1690) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
An answer to the paper delivered by Mr. Ashton at his execution to Sir Francis Child ... together with the paper itself. (1690) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached before the Queen at White-hall, on Sunday, March 22, 1690/1 by Edward Fowler ... (1691) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A vindication of an undertaking of certain gentlemen in order to the suppressing of debauchery, and profaneness. (1692) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preach'd at the meeting of the sons of the clergy in S. Mary-le-Bow Church, on Tuesday the sixth of December, 1692 by Edward Lord Bishop of Gloucester. (1692) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A vindication of a late undertaking of certain gentlemen in order to the suppressing of debauchery and profaneness. (1692) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached before the right honourable the lord maior of London, and the Court of Aldermen, &c., on Easter-Monday, 1692 being one of the anniversary spittal-sermons / by Edward Lord Bishop of Gloucester. (1692) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
Forms of prayer for a family. Composed by the late pious and learned John Worthington D.D. Published by the right reverend Father in God Edward, Lord Bishop of Gloucester (1693) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
Certain propositions by which the doctrin of the H. Trinity is so explain'd, according to the ancient fathers, as to speak it not contradictory to natural reason together with a defence of them, in answer to the objections of a Socianian writer, in his newly printed Considerations on the explications of the doctrin of the Trinity : occasioned by these propositions among other discourses : in a letter to that author.Twenty-eight propositions by which the doctrine of the Trinity is endeavoured to be explained (1694) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A second defence of the propositions by which the doctrine of the Holy Trinity is so explained according to the ancient fathers, as to speak it not contradictory to natural reason : in answer to a Socinian manuscript, in a letter to a friend : together, with a third defence of those propositions, in answer to the newly published reflexions, contained in a pamphlet, entituled, A letter to the reverend clergy of both universities / both by the author of those propositions. (1695) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A discourse of the great disingenuity & unreasonableness of repining at afflicting providences and of the influence which they ought to have upon us, on Job 2, 10, publish'd upon occasion of the death of our gracious sovereign Queen Mary of most blessed memory : with a preface containing some observations, touching her excellent endowments, and exemplary life. (1695) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preached before the House of Lords in the Abby-Church at Westminster, upon Thursday the sixteenth of April, 1696 being a day of publick thanksgiving to Almighty God for the most happy discovery and disappointment of a horrid design to assasinate His sacred Majesty, and for our deliverance from a French invasion / by Edward Lord Bishop of Gloucester. (1696) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
Articles of visitation and enquiry, exhibited to the ministers, churchwardens and sidemen of every parish in the diocess of Gloucester; in the second triennial visitation of the right reverend father in God, Edward Lord Bishop of Gloucester, An. Dom. MDCXCVIII. (1698) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.
A sermon preach'd at the Church of St. Mary le Bow to the Societies for Reformation of Manners, June 26, 1699 by Edward Lord Bishop of Gloucester. (1699) by Fowler, Edward, 1632-1714.