Newton, John
, an eminent English mathematician
and divine, the grandson of John Newton, of Axmouth, in
Devonshire, and the son of Humphrey Newton of Oundle,
in Northamptonshire, was born at Oundle in 1622, and
was entered a commoner of St. Edmund’s hall, Oxford,
in 1637. He took the degree of B. A. in 1641; and the
year following, was created master, in precedence to several gentlemen that belonged to the king and court, then
residing in the university, on account of his distinguished
talents in the higher branches of science. His genius
being inclined to astronomy and the mathematics, he made
great proficiency in these sciences, which he found of service during the times of the usurpation, when he continued stedfest to his legal sovereign. After the restoration he was created D. D. at Oxford, Sept. 1661, was
made one of the king’s chaplains, and rector of Ross, in
Herefordshire, in the place of Mr. John Toombes, ejected
for non-conformity. He held this living till his death,
which happened at Ross, Dec. 25, 1678. Mr. Wood gives
him the character of a capricious and humoursome person; but whatever may be in this, his writings are sufficient
monuments of his genius and skill in the mathematics.
These are, 1. “Astronomia Britannica, &c. in three parts,”
1656, 4to. 2. “Help to Calculation; with tables of declination, ascension, &c.” 1657, 4to. 3. “Trigonometria Britannica, in two books,” 1658, folio one composed by our
| author, and the other translated from the Latin of Henry
Gellibrand. 4, “Chiliades centum Logarithmorum,” printed with, 5. “Geometrical Trigonometry,” 1659. 6. “Mathematical Elements, three parts,” 1660, 4to. 7. “A perpetual Diary, or Almanac,” 1662. 8. “Description of
the use of the Carpenter’s Rule,” 1667. 9. “Ephemerides,
shewing the Interest and Rate of Money at six per cent.”
&c. 1667. 10. “Chiliades centum Logarithmorum, et tabula partium proportionalium,” 1667. 11. “The Rule of
Interest, or the case of Decimal Fractions, &c. part II.”
1668, 8vo. 12. “School-Pastime for young Children,”
&c. 1669, 8vo. 13. “Art of practical Gauging,” &c. 1669,
14. “Introduction to the art of Rhetoric,” 1671. 15. “The
art of Natural Arithmetic, in whole numbers, and fractions
vulgar and decimal,” 1671, 8vo. 16. “The English Academy,” 1677, 8vo. 17. “Cosmography.” 18. “Introduction to Astronomy.” 19. “Introduction to Geography,”
1678, 8vo. 1
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Works found by this author (or others with similar names) in the Early English Books Online Collection:
A table to know what a hundred waight commeth to from a farthing the pound, to 2'-6d the pound. (1645) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
Institutio mathematica, or, A mathematical institution shewing the construction and use of the naturall and artificiall sines, tangents, and secants in decimal numbers, and also of the table of logarithms in the general solution of any triangle, whether plain or spherical, with their more particular application in astronomie, dialling, and navigation / by John Newton. (1654) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
Sixteen pence in the pound. Or, A table shewing the present worth of one pound annuity, for any time under 100 yeares, by yeares, halves, and quarters. Computed, for the just proportioning of the fines at that rate, according to the present worth of every mans respective interest in houses built upon new foundations since the 25th. of March, 1620. / By John Newton, M.A. (1657) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
Astronomia Britannica exhibiting the doctrine of the sphere, and theory of the planets decimally by trigonometry, and by tables : fitted for the meridian of London ... / by John Newton ... (1657) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
Geometrical trigonometry, or, The explanation of such geometrical problems as are most useful & necessary, either for the construction of the canons of triangles, or for the solution of them together with the proportions themselves suteable unto every case both in plain and spherical triangles ... / by J. Newton ... (1659) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
An introduction to the art of rhetorick composed for the benefit of young schollars and others, who have not opportunity of being instructed in the Latine tongue ... / by John Newton ... (1671) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
An introduction to the art of logick composed for the use of English schools, and all such who having no opportunity of being instructed in the Latine tongue ... / by John Newton ... (1671) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
Cosmographia, or, A view of the terrestrial and cœlestial globes in a brief explanation of the principles of plain and solid geometry applied to surveying and gauging of cask : the doctrine of primum mobile : with an account of the Juilan & Gregorian calendars, and the computation of the places of the sun, moon, and fixed stars ... : to which is added an introduction unto geography / by John Newton ... (1679) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
The compleat arithmetician, or, The whole art of arithmetick, vulgar and decimal in a plain and easie method, suitable to the meanest capacity : in which the multiplication and division of numbers of several denominations, and the rule of alligation are more fully explained than in any treatise of this nature, yet extant / by J.N., Philomath. (1691) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
The English academy, or, A brief introduction to the seven liberal arts grammar, arithmetick, geometrie, musick, astronomie, rhetorick & logic : to which is added the necessary arts and mysteries of navigation, dyaling, surveying, mensuration, gauging & fortification, practically laid down in all their material points and particulars, highly approved to be known by the ingenious, and as such are desirous to profit, or render themselves accomplished : chiefly intended for the instruction of young scholars, who are acquainted with no other than their native language, but may also be very useful to other persons that have made some progress in the studies of the said arts / by John Newton. (1693) by Newton, John, 1622-1678.
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